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Section B

Directions:Im this section, you are required 1o read one quoted blog and the commentson it. The biog and comments arc followed by questions or unfinished statements, eachwith four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark youranswer onthe Answer Sheet.

Face masks are one of the best defenses against the spread of COVID- 19, but theirgrowing adoption is having a second, unintended effect: breaking facial recognitionalgorithms(算法).

Wearing face masks that adequately cover the mouth and nose causes the errorrate of some of the most widely used facial recognition algorithms to rise to between 5percent and 50 percent, a study by the US National Institute of Standards andTechnology (NIST) has found. Black masks were more likely to cause errors than bluemasks, and the more of the nose covered by the mask, the harder the algorithms foundit to identify the face.

“We need to understand how face recognition technology deals with maskedfaces," said the author of the report and NIST computer scientist. "We have begun byfocusing on how an algorithm developed before the pandemic (大流行病) might beaffected by subjects wearing face masks. Later this summer, we plan to test theaccuracy of algorithms that were intentionally developed with masked faces in mind."

    　　Facial recognition algorithms such as those tested by NIST work by measuring the distances between features in a target's face. Masks reduce the accuracy of these algorithms by removing most of these features, although some still remain. This is slightly, different from how facial recognition works on iPhones, for example, which use depth sensors for extra security, ensuring that the algorithms can't be fooled by showing the camera a picture (a danger that is not present in the scenarios NIST is concerned with).

Comment 1

Well, that's one good thing to come out of the pandemic. Mass sureillance is nonsense.Time to pair masks up with sunglasses to deliver the decisive stroke.

Comment 2

“Wearing face masks that adequately cover the mouth and nose causes the error rate of some of the most widely used facial recognition algorithms to rise sharply" Rubbishtechnology! I would've never guessed.

Comment3

There's a reason why some country is already using gait( 步態) analysis. Facial recognition is too easy to block or to fool.

Comment 4

Pretty soon they are going to do.. .analysis. With the development of AI, there will be away out.

Comment 5

The AI's getting better, though, so soon it won't matter. Just like how you can pick outa relative or close friend even in bad CCTV footage, so too can AI. Your height,walking gait, mannerisms, voice, ears, clothing, etc, all add up to YOU.

41. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The best way to defend against COVID-19.

B. Efforts to improve facial recognition technology.

C. Methods to fool the facial recognition system.

D. The impact of masks on facial recognition accuracy.

42. The NIST study found that compared with blue masks, black masks

A. were more widely used by the public

B. caused more errors in facial recognition

C. provided better protection against the virus

D. required less complex algorithms

43. Comment 1 seems to be

A. in favor of the rules for wearing face masks

B. in favor of the facial recognition technology

C. against the wide use of facial recognition

D. against the requirements for wearing face masks

44. Which comment views the current facial recognition technology with contempt?

A. Comment 2.

B. Comment 3.

C. Comment 4.

D. Comment 5.

45. Which of the following is positive about the future technological advance?

A. Comment 2 and Comment 3.

B. Comment I and Comment 4.

C. Comment 3 and Comment 5.

D. Comment 4 and Comment 5.

Part IV Cloze (10 points)

Directions:In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there arefour choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and markyour answer onthe Answer Sheet.

The English countryside has a classic image. People imagine that life in the country is slow and calm; that there are no traffic jams, no pollution, and no crime. In some places, this is true; but in

46.it is not. Small towns and villages are becoming more and more

47.people have morespace and most houses have gardens. But problems are

48.Lots of people want to live in the country and work in the city; so more and more people travel 　　

49.distances each day, to go to work. Of course they don't use buses or trains; they use cars. Little villages now have traffic problems in the morning, just 　　

50.big cities! The problems are very complicated! If everyone moves into the country, the peace of the countryside will 

51.People leave cities and big towns, to escape from urbanproblems; but more and more, they are

52their problems with them. On warm summerdays, and cold winter days, air pollution can be a big problem in large

53of the southof England, not just in London. Perhaps there is

54 for the future. Soon Britain's population will stop rising.From about the year 2030, it will perhaps start to fall. In 100 year's time, there will beless people in Britain than today - perhaps two million less. No doubt there will be

55   pollution too; oil and petrol will probably be rare by then.

46. A. OtherB.the othersC.othersD.another

47. A. FamousB.beautifulC.secureD.popular

48. A. decliningB.growingC.solvedD.involved

49. A. FarB.shortC.remoteD.long

50. A. LikeB.asC.forD.to

51. A. AriseB.emergeC.continueD.disappear

52.A. developing B.bringingC.causingD.creating

53. A. PartsB.placesC.ctiesD.blocks

54. A. FearB.planC.hopeD.vision

55. A. MoreB.lessC.muchD.few

Part V Text Completion (20 points)

Directions:In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions (Rangingfrom 56 t0 75). Above each text there arre three or four phrases to be completed. First,use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completedphrases 10 fill in the blanks of the texr. Note you should blacken the lelters that indicate.your answers onthe Answer Sheet.

Text One

A. Connected B. Healthy C. immune

A. eating56meals at regular times

B. can also impair our57system fiunction

C.are58to the body clock

A lack of quality sleep not only affects how we feel during the daytime, but 59 ,which is vital in protecting us from common viral illnesses. Efforts needed to sleep well that include following a sleep routine,. 60 and not drinking too much coffee. All of these things are really interconnected in terms of their function. All of them  61 The body is like an orchestra where there's an orchestra leader that's sort of the main timer, but everybody clse is playing it together and they're optimizing what they are doing.

Text Two

A. Share B. Demands C. force

A. true happiness  62  that we have it in our lives

B. they freely.63their ups and downs

C. as it is a driving.64in our nature

One of the basic needs we have as humans is to connect with others. We have done thissince the beginning of time65.Close intimate friendships fill that need. There issimply no replacement for this in our lives. You can't buy it, borrow it or steal it, but66. Experts found that people who can name several close, supportive friends- friendswith whom67—live with greater health and happiness.

Text Three

A. Future B. Shape C. Form D. safety

A. will adjust themselves for your68and comfort

B. wil69the way we live in astonishing ways

C. mimicked human70and thinking

D. gains a truer glimpse of our robotic  71 

Tiny technologies are a key to the future of robots. The old science-fiction notion of arobot pictured a large machine that72. But a visitor to the Arificial IntelligenceLaboratory at Cambridge73。In this microworld, scientists and engineers arebuilding new machines in other fields such as medicine and aerospace. Soon, you'll bedriving smart car and living in smart home that 74It is already clear that our tinynew tools75. By“thinking small," scientists and dreamers are enlarging and enrichingthe future for all of us.

Part VI Translation (10 points) Directions: Translate the fllwing passage into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet. Personalty is the pattern of thoughts feelings and behaviors unique to 0 person.        Personality is the pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors unique to a person, People tend to think of personality as fixed. But according to psychologists, that's not how it works. Personalityis a developmental phenomenon. It's not just a static thing that you're stuck with and can't get over. That's not to say that you're a dfferent person each day you wake up. In the short term, change can be nearly imperceptible. Longitudinal studies, in which researchers survey the personalities of participants regularly over many years, suggest that our personality is actually stable on shorter time scales.

參考譯文:

個性是一個人特有的思維、感覺和行為模式。人們往往認為個性是固定不變的。但是心理學家表示并非如此。個性是:一個發展的現象。它不是一個一成不變、擺脫不了的靜態事物。這不是說你每天早上醒來都是一個不同的人。短期來看，改變幾乎是察覺不到的。在延續多年的縱向研究中，研究人員對參與者的個性進行了定期調查。結果顯示，實際上我們的個性在較短時間尺度內是穩定的。

Part VIl Writing (I5 points)

As the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic seems to be here to stay, we perhaps have to choose online instruction sometimes. The mode of instruction and learning may have its Advantages, but...

Part I Oral Communication (15 minutes, 10 points)

Section A

Dialogue One 1-3 C A B

Dialogue Two4-6 C B A

Section B 7-10 C B D A

Part IIVocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)

11-15 DBDDA 16-20 DCACD

Part III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points)

Section A

Passage One21.B 22.D 23.C 24.C 25.B

Passage Two26.A 27.C 28.B 29.B 30.B

Passage Three  31.D 32.A 33.C 34.A 35.C

Passage Four 36.D 37.A 38.B 39.D 40.A

Section B 41.B 42.B 43.A 44.A 45.D

PartIV Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)

46-50 CBBDA 51-55 DBCCB

Part V Text Completion (20 minutes, 20 points)

Texi One 56-61BCA BAC

Text Two 62-67BAC CAB

Text Three 68-75DBCA CDBA

參考范文:

The benefits and the disadvantages of online learning

In recent years, online learning is springing up as people are developing an inseparable relationship with the Internet. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages.

On the one hand, compared with traditional face-to-face courses, acquring knowledge and having access to information via online learning can be taken any time. This fexibility is an essential factor for busy students who wouldn't normally be able to study step by step because of time constrains. Besides, online learning also brings greater availability to those who need tilor-made programs in line with their own level and interest.  　　But on the other hand, learning online has some disadvantages. For teenagers, it is inappropriate for them to contact the Internet too early. They are likely to be distracted as there are games or other temptations available online. What's more, learners with poor learning habits admit that they are too adicted to the Internet that they can't focus on learning, which inevitably leads to poor performance.